In terms of decoration design, the owners and designers often have great differences in lighting. The designers would suggest adding one such lamp here and another such lamp there. The owners feel that this lamp here is unnecessary, and that lamp there is unnecessary. We can easily understand the owners‘ psychology, which is nothing more than spending more money on one more lamp. But why do designers like to install lights? In fact, there is a lot of knowledge here. So today we will talk about interior lighting design.

The role of lighting

For ordinary people, the only function of lighting is to see things at night. This is the truth of the so-called "no oil in the lamp makes you faint, and it is hard to be a man without money". However, this is only the primary demand for lighting. I believe that people should not only be satisfied with seeing clearly, but also be comfortable and healthy

In the eyes of professionals, lighting has four functions, namely: meeting basic lighting needs, creating an environmental atmosphere, enriching space levels, and guiding the movement

There are two common types of basic lighting: space lighting and functional lighting. Space lighting refers to the basic lighting configuration countries that meet the lighting needs of a certain space, such as ceiling lamps, chandeliers, etc; Functional lighting refers to the lighting specially set to meet a certain regional task, such as desk lamp, cabinet lamp, etc.

We can find that the focal points of space lighting and functional lighting are different. Space lighting belongs to scope influence, it seems that there is no focus, as long as it can illuminate a three-dimensional area. However, functional lighting is different. The focus of most functional lighting is not on the ground, but on the console.

For most families, important family activities will be carried out around various tables and tables. The working plane of these tables and tables will generally be kept about 0.8m above the ground, which is the focus of functional lighting design.

At this time, the primary problem to be considered in the design is the divergence range and light intensity of the light spot at this height. The ideal design is that the light should shine along the visual direction, and the range should be controlled within the operating range. It can not directly penetrate the eyes, but it is sufficient without dazzling.

For example, the table is most suitable for using a ceiling lamp that can be lifted and lowered. The height of the ceiling lamp should be 25cm higher when people sit down. To prevent head contact, it can be raised when not in use.

There are many indicators of light source: luminous flux, light intensity, illuminance, color temperature, color rendering, glare, beam angle, etc. These concepts are too professional. We ordinary people only need to know that the impact of light on the environment is achieved through color, brightness and color temperature.

In addition to some special occasions, color light is no longer used to create atmosphere in modern home lighting design. The common practice is to achieve the organic unity of color and brightness through the design of color temperature.

Color and brightness are well understood. Here we will focus on the color temperature. Color temperature is a unit of measurement that represents the color components contained in light. Theoretically, the blackbody temperature refers to the color of the absolute blackbody after heating from absolute zero (- 273 ℃). After being heated, the blackbody gradually turns from black to red, yellow, white, and finally emits blue light. When heated to a certain temperature, the spectral composition of the light emitted by the blackbody is called the color temperature at this temperature, and the measurement unit is "K" (Kelvin).

We can see that the lower the color temperature is, the more red and yellow the color is. The higher the color temperature is, the more blue and white the color is. Therefore, in addition to the need for color lighting in some special occasions, in modern interior design with LED lighting as the mainstream, color, brightness and color temperature are often used together, so we should also combine the three when introducing.

Let‘s start with color temperature and talk about the impact of color, brightness and color temperature on the environment. The color temperature of the most common light source is between 3000K and 5000K, which is usually distinguished by warm light, warm white light and white light. The same apple looks beautiful and attractive at a color temperature of 3000K, but it is obviously true at a color temperature of 5000K. So the old saying goes: "Look at the beauty under the lamp, and see the gentleman under the moon.". Therefore, we should be careful. We must not eat candlelight dinner during the blind date, because there is a high probability of going astray.

In terms of specific use, 2700-3000K light, dark and warm, can create a warm and quiet atmosphere, and can enrich the color of food, thus stimulating people‘s appetite. Therefore, it is suitable for private occasions such as galleries, restaurants and clubs.

In the kitchen, bathroom and work area, light sources of 3500K to 4100K can be used, which will make it easier for people to focus.

In offices, laboratories and other places where people need to keep their attention, light sources above 5000K will appear cooler, brighter and more efficient. In addition, bright lights will stimulate people‘s shopping impulse, so commercial lighting almost uses a large number of high color temperature bright light sources.

Rich spatial hierarchies In ordinary room lighting, spatial hierarchies lighting is usually an additional attribute of basic lighting. When defining the lighting range, designers usually consider the division of space levels. For example, the kitchen cabinet lighting and reading position lighting we mentioned above.

A group of lighting sources are designed under the upper cabinet of the kitchen, which can not only meet the requirements of table operation lighting, but also separate the space between the upper cabinet and the lower cabinet from the overall kitchen space. The same is true for open closets. Some display grids and Bogou shelves will be designed with some hidden lights, which is a key lighting mode, and is also conducive to creating a sense of local spatial hierarchy. Light plays a more important role in reading. When designing the reading space, the designer will also take the light into consideration: the light will separate the reading position, thus strengthening the confidentiality of the space and making people more focused.

The guiding line is in an open space. Because there is no wall limitation, the space division often adopts the invisible division method. The ceiling shape, ground materials and lighting are usually used to guide people to the right direction unconsciously. This actually involves a branch of psychology: design psychology, so there is no need to go further. In short, you know that it is very mysterious here.

Although the dynamic line design is very professional, we still have simple methods to follow. In terms of specific operation, we can follow the following principles:

1. The lamp shape matches the room shape. Slender rooms are equipped with slender lamps, and square rooms are equipped with square or round lamps.

2. Short corridor, a long lamp can be designed according to the length direction; For long corridors, group lights or line lights can be set in the length direction.

3. The open space should pay attention to the dynamic line design. The suspended ceiling and floor tiles can be designed along the dynamic line, and the lighting can be configured with the modeling.

Through the above explanation, you must have a good idea. The number of lamps to be installed depends on the concept of your decoration. If the effect is preferred, it is recommended to install more ceiling lamps, chandeliers, spotlights, track lights, etc. If budget is the priority, it is necessary to install less and ensure the basic lighting and functional lighting. Don‘t use any superfluous gimmicks.

In fact, we can recall that when we browsed the online renderings or visited the sample rooms, we always felt that the design of others was so beautiful and good. When we looked back at our own home, we always felt that it was a little poor. In fact, it was the light.